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holism  n 
1 any doctrine that a system may have properties over and above those of its parts and their organization 
2 the treatment of any subject as a whole integrated system, esp., in medicine, the consideration of the complete person, physically and psychologically, in the treatment of a disease 
See also  →  alternative medicine 
3  (Philosophy) one of a number of methodological theses holding that the significance of the parts can only be understood in terms of their contribution to the significance of the whole and that the latter must therefore be epistemologically prior 
Compare  →  reductionism  →  atomism  →  2  (C20: from holo- + -ism) 
♦  holistic  adj 
♦  holistically  adv