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quadrant  n 
1  (Geometry) 
a a quarter of the circumference of a circle 
b the area enclosed by two perpendicular radii of a circle and its circumference 
c any of the four sections into which a plane is divided by two coordinate axes 
2 a piece of a mechanism in the form of a quarter circle, esp. one used as a cam or a gear sector 
3 an instrument formerly used in astronomy and navigation for measuring the altitudes of stars, consisting of a graduated arc of 90° and a sighting mechanism attached to a movable arm 
 (C14: from Latin quadrans a quarter) 
 quadrantal  adj