shale n a dark fine-grained laminated sedimentary rock formed by compression of successive layers of clay (Old English scealu shell; compare German Schalstein laminated limestone; see scale1, scale2) ♦
shaly adj
burnt shale
n carbonaceous shale formed by destructive distillation of oil shale or by spontaneous combustion of shale after it has been some years in a tip: sometimes used in road making
oil shale
n a fine-grained shale containing oil, which can be extracted by heating
shale oil
n an oil distilled from shales and used as fuel