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vital 
  adj 
1 essential to maintain life 
the lungs perform a vital function  
2 forceful, energetic, or lively 
a vital person  
3 of, relating to, having, or displaying life 
a vital organism  
4 indispensable or essential 
books vital to this study  
5 of great importance; decisive 
a vital game  
6 Archaic influencing the course of life, esp. negatively 
a vital treachery  
  n 
7 pl 
a the bodily organs, such as the brain, liver, heart, lungs, etc., that are necessary to maintain life 
b the organs of reproduction, esp. the male genitals 
8 pl the essential elements of anything 
  (C14: via Old French from Latin vitalis belonging to life, from vita life) 
♦  vitally  adv 

élan vital  (French) 
  n a creative principle held by Henri Bergson to be present in all organisms and responsible for evolution 
 Compare  →  Bergsonism 
  (literally: vital impetus) 
vital capacity 
  n  (Physiol) the volume of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after the deepest possible breath has been taken: a measure of lung function 
vital force 
  n (esp. in early biological theory) a hypothetical force, independent of physical and chemical forces, regarded as being the causative factor of the evolution and development of living organisms 
vital signs 
  pl n  (Med) indications that a person is still alive. Vital signs include a heartbeat, a pulse that can be felt, breathing, and body temperature 
vital staining 
  n the technique of treating living cells and tissues with dyes that do not immediately kill them, facilitating observation under a microscope 
vital statistics 
  pl n 
1 quantitative data concerning human life or the conditions and aspects affecting it, such as the death rate 
2 Informal the measurements of a woman's bust, waist, and hips 



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